Programme

Part 1 – The physics of sensors and actuators

• A general introduction – the needs and purpose, what does this course attempt to do
• Definitions – from what is a sensor to smart devices and interfacing
• A brief discussion of units as they relate to sensing and actuation
  Classification of sensors and actuators
• Performance characteristics of sensors and actuators – a discussion of the various parameters that define sensors and actuators and their application.

This module is general in the sense that it discusses topics common to all devices. It sets the ground base and outlines issues that are important in the application of sensors and actuators as well as introducing terms and quantities that will be necessary for subsequent discussions.

Expected outcomes

• An understanding of the roles and scope of sensing and actuation
• Clarification of terms, use of units and classifications
• An in depth understanding of what to expect from sensors and actuators

Part 2 – The physics of sensing and actuation

• Temperature sensors and actuators
• Optical sensors and actuators
• Electric and magnetic sensing and actuation
• Mechanical sensors and actuators
• Acoustic sensing and actuation
• Chemical sensing and actuation
• Radiation sensors and actuators

The various physical principles involved in sensing and actuation are introduced based on the physical principles on which devices are based. The physics and theory necessary for understanding and for application are discussed. The focus is on the properties and issues that are important to the user in the process of designing sensing systems. Discussion follows the broad area of application of sensors and actuators.

Expected outcomes

• Understanding of the principles of the broad range of sensing and actuation methods
• Their applicability to specific tasks
• The ability to select devices for specific applications based on sensing/actuation requirements and device characteristics
• Alternative sensing and actuation methods

Part 3 – Interfacing of sensors and actuators

• Requirements for interfacing
• Principles and basic circuits required by various type of devices
• The idea of a smart sensor
• The microprocessor and microprocessor platforms
• Limitations and extensions
• Applications

Sensors and actuators, by themselves can do very little (with some notable exception). The output of sensors needs to be used for a purpose and actuators must be controlled to affect the desired effect. All of this and more is done through a controller of some sort. In most, but not all instances this is done by a microprocessor. Interfacing sensors and actuators to processors is not only necessary but it also renders these devices “smart” in the sense that the system gains capabilities the devices do not possess by themselves. The microprocessor is primarily a controller with limited computing capabilities. Beyond it are signal processors, specialized processors, and full-fledged computers at various levels. These will be discussed only briefly in the context of this introductory course.

Expected outcomes

• A clear understanding of the controller’s role in sensing and actuation
• The applicability, performance, and limitations of microprocessors as controllers
• Examples of interfacing in a broad range of applications